{"id":280,"date":"2013-04-25T09:04:06","date_gmt":"2013-04-25T09:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/?page_id=280"},"modified":"2026-02-21T10:32:18","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T10:32:18","slug":"science","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/?page_id=280","title":{"rendered":"Science"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/em>In several theoretical papers and through some experimental studies (some published, some ongoing), I propose that the Lacanian concept of the signifier<\/strong> (or the Freudian concept of the word presentation) finds a neurophysiologic instantiation in the sensorimotor concept of the phonemic phantom<\/strong>, which is a species of motor imagery which arises through the high intentional investment of a group of articulatory motor patterns (phonemes<\/em>) of which the actual motor execution is at the same time systematically prevented. This happens e.g. when we often think about something which we never talk about. This is also thought to happen when we often think about something unconsciously<\/em> and never talk about it. A phantom is a species of motor imagery in the same way a representation is a kind of motor imagery. According to the neuroscientist Jeannerod (1994)<\/strong> when an action intention is not (exhaustively) reached, the insisting firing of the neurones encoding for this intention, will give rise to the experience of an image. A phantom differs from a mere representation in the following way: a representation arises when a motor intention is not exhaustively or not perfectly executed and it arises precisely in this gap between intended and actual movement; a phantom, to the contrary, arises when a motor intention is systematically or drastically not met by execution – for example when a limb is missing in the case of a phantom limb, or when there is a systematic prevention or blockade of the execution, such as is thought to be the case for unbearable topics, i.e. in the case of repression<\/em>.<\/p>\n

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L’id\u00e9e centrale du fant\u00f4me (moteur) est que, quand on perd soudainement un bras ou une jambe, on ne cesse pas pour autant de l’investir,\u00a0c’est-\u00e0-dire\u00a0de lui envoyer des commandes motrices. Comme il n’y a cependant plus de bras ou de jambe, ces commandes motrices, qui ne peuvent plus du tout s’ex\u00e9cuter, font \u00e9merger une imagerie centrale, selon le principe de Jeannerod (1994) :\u00a0une imagerie centrale particuli\u00e8rement vive, connue sous le nom de fant\u00f4me. (Cette imagerie est bas\u00e9e sur les copies d’eff\u00e9rence, d\u00e9riv\u00e9es de la commande motrice, qui cr\u00e9ent une attente au niveau somatosensoriel et ainsi une image en n\u00e9gatif du mouvement.)<\/strong> Le signifiant sous refoulement n’est rien d’autre qu’une s\u00e9quence articulatoire (motrice) tr\u00e8s investie mais non ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e, puisqu’on s’emp\u00eache d’en parler. De fa\u00e7on identique, ce double principe (investissement moteur non suivi d’une ex\u00e9cution) fait \u00e9merger des phon\u00e8mes fant\u00f4mes, des signifiants fant\u00f4mes. Or, avec le mouvement linguistique, il est possible de faire ce qu’il n’est pas possible de faire avec un mouvement des bras ou des jambes : faire\u00a0exactement le m\u00eame mouvement, mais avec une signification radicalement diff\u00e9rente.\u00a0Ainsi, le retour du refoul\u00e9 se fera sous la forme d’une\u00a0partielle ex\u00e9cution (ou \u201cd\u00e9foulement\u201d)\u00a0du signifiant refoul\u00e9, mais dans d’autres significations. L’Homme aux Rats, ayant refoul\u00e9\u00a0Heiraten<\/em>,\u00a0investit\u00a0l’animal\u00a0rat<\/em>\u00a0; le jeune homme ayant refoul\u00e9 le\u00a0\u201cj’en ai marre\u201d<\/em>\u00a0de son p\u00e8re suicidaire se\u00a0construit une mare\u00a0de jardin, transformant l’insupportable lamentation en\u00a0une\u00a0proposition pleine de vie :\u00a0\u201cj’ai une mare\u201d<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In several theoretical papers and through some experimental studies (some published, some ongoing), I propose that the Lacanian concept of the signifier (or the Freudian concept of the word presentation) finds a neurophysiologic instantiation in the sensorimotor concept of the phonemic … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":133,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=280"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3841,"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/280\/revisions\/3841"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}