{"id":29,"date":"2013-04-13T07:51:21","date_gmt":"2013-04-13T07:51:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/?page_id=29"},"modified":"2024-11-09T07:16:46","modified_gmt":"2024-11-09T07:16:46","slug":"english","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.arianebazan.be\/?page_id=29","title":{"rendered":"English"},"content":{"rendered":"

Copyright Notice<\/span><\/p>\n

The documents distributed here have been provided as a means to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work on a noncommercial basis. Copyright and all rights therein are maintained by the authors or by other copyright holders (usually the publisher), notwithstanding that they have offered their works here electronically. It is understood that all persons copying this information will adhere to the terms and constraints by the copyrights acknowledged in the publication. These works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.<\/p>\n

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2024<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Vitkova, V., Cebolla, A., Ristori, D., Bazan, A., Cheron, G. (2024). Long-lasting negativity in the left motoric brain structures during word memory inhibition in the Think\/No-Think paradigm. Scientific Reports, 14, 10907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-60378-y<\/p>\n

Flores Mosri, D., Abrams, J., Balchin, R., Barry, V. C., Bazan, A., Biran, I., Coetzer, R., Friston, K., Hjertaas, T., Kessler, R., Moore, P., Mu\u00f1oz Z\u00fa\u00f1iga, J.F., Nersessian, E., Olds, D., Solms, M., Turnbull, O., Watt, D., Zellner, M. (2024). Celebration of the 25th anniversary of Neuropsychoanalysis: Saturday, December 2, 2023. Neuropsychoanalysis, 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15294145.2024.2346758<\/p>\n

Bazan, A. (2024). The unconscious is structured as a language: Evidence from the lab in support of clinical practice. <\/a>Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy.<\/a><\/em>\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10879-024-09651-9<\/p>\n

2023<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Bazan, A. (2023). Primary and secondary process mentation: Two modes of acting and thinking from Freud to modern neurosciences. Neuropsychoanalysis<\/em><\/a>, DOI: 1080\/15294145.2023.2284697<\/p>\n\n\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The purpose of this study is to return to Freud\u2019s original descriptions of the primary and secondary processes in the light of modern neurosciences. In his Project for a Scientific Psychology<\/em>, Freud draws the axes of the architecture of a mental apparatus: on a horizontal plane, the primary process transfers the excitation by impinging stimuli over a sequence of analogous states towards their discharge; thus, the primary process is essentially characterized by its associative tendency. On a vertical plane, the secondary process opposes the primary bottom-up pressure by a top-down inhibition with its origins in the purposive idea: the secondary process is essentially characterized by its inhibitory interventions. Freud later proposed that the primary and secondary process are seeking for perceptual, respectively thought identity. These different elements are coherent with the dynamics of the ventral and dorsal brain pathways respectively. Moreover, the dorsal pathway has an inhibitory influence upon the ventral pathway, much like the secondary has upon the primary. This influence is exerted thanks to what Freud called the \u201cindications of reality.\u201d We propose to equate these indications with the efference copies in modern neurosciences since they proceed from the same physiology and have the same function, besides originating from the same Helmholtzian source. Finally, even if both primary and secondary processes serve the death drive through the pleasure and the reality principle respectively, only the secondary process, requiring the bearing of an accumulation of excitations, also serves the life drive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 en Fran\u00e7ais : L\u2019objectif de cette \u00e9tude est de revenir aux descriptions originales de Freud des processus primaires et secondaires \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re des neurosciences modernes. Dans son Projet de psychologie scientifique, Freud dessine les axes de l\u2019architecture d\u2019un appareil mental : sur un plan horizontal, le processus primaire transf\u00e8re l\u2019excitation en faisant entrer des stimuli sur une s\u00e9quence d\u2019\u00e9tats analogues vers leur d\u00e9charge ; Ainsi, le processus primaire est essentiellement caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par sa tendance associative. Sur un plan vertical, le processus secondaire s\u2019oppose \u00e0 la pression primaire ascendante par une inhibition descendante qui trouve son origine dans l\u2019id\u00e9e t\u00e9l\u00e9ologique : le processus secondaire est essentiellement caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par ses interventions inhibitrices. Freud a propos\u00e9 plus tard que le processus primaire et secondaire sont la recherche d\u2019une identit\u00e9 perceptuelle, respectivement de la pens\u00e9e. Ces diff\u00e9rents \u00e9l\u00e9ments sont coh\u00e9rents avec la dynamique des voies c\u00e9r\u00e9brales ventrales et dorsales respectivement. De plus, la voie dorsale a une influence inhibitrice sur la voie ventrale, tout comme la voie secondaire sur la voie primaire. Cette influence s\u2019exerce gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ce que Freud appelait les \u00ab indications de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00bb. Nous proposons d\u2019assimiler ces indications aux copies d\u2019eff\u00e9rence des neurosciences modernes puisqu\u2019elles proc\u00e8dent de la m\u00eame physiologie et ont la m\u00eame fonction, en plus de provenir de la m\u00eame source helmholtzienne. Enfin, m\u00eame si les processus primaires et secondaires servent respectivement la pulsion de mort par le principe de plaisir et le principe de r\u00e9alit\u00e9, seul le processus secondaire, n\u00e9cessitant l\u2019accumulation d\u2019une accumulation d\u2019excitations, sert \u00e9galement la pulsion de vie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olyff, G., & Bazan, A. (2023). People solve rebuses unwittingly \u2013 both forward and backward: Empirical evidence for the mental effectiveness of the signifier. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16<\/a>. DOI=10.3389\/fnhum.2022.965183 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A., & Brakel, L.A.W. (2023). The GeoCat 1.3, a simple tool for the measurement of Freudian primary and secondary process thinking. Neuropsychoanalysis. DOI: 10.1080\/15294145.2023.2169955<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thieffry, L., Olyff, G., Pioda, L., Detandt, S., & Bazan, A. (2023). Running away from phonological ambiguity, we stumble upon our words – Laboratory Induced Slips show differences between high and low defensive people. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 1717:1033671<\/a>. DOI: 10.3389\/fnhum.2023.1033671 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polipo, N.F., Willemsen, J., Hustinx, M., Bazan, A. (2023). Developing psychoanalytic case conceptualization skills through didactic teaching: A randomized controlled trial. Psychotherapy Research<\/a>, DOI: 10.1080\/10503307.2023.2241623. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A., Olyff, G., Steinig, J., Van de Vijver, G. (2023). On Rebuses, and on Howie. In: The Science of Psychoanalysis: The Realization of Freud\u2019s Promise. Festschrift in Honor of Howard Shevrin<\/em>, Robert Hunt Berry, editor, pp. 55-72<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2021<\/span> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A. & Van de Vijver, G., Caine, D. (2021). Lacanian neuropsychoanalysis. On the role of language motor dynamics for language processing, and for mental constitution. Dans: Christian Salas, Oliver Turnbull and Mark Solms (Eds.) Clinical Studies in Neuropsychoanalysis 2, Routledge.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the first volume of Clinical Neuropsychoanalysis, Kaplan-Solms and Solms (2001) compare a patient with a Broca-type aphasia, Mr. J, and one with a Wernicke-type aphasia, Mrs. K. Broadly speaking, the authors find that Mr. J\u2019s \u2018ego functioning\u2019 is \u2018normal\u2019, i.e. that he can reappraise and adjust to changed realities, even if he has enormous difficulties expressing himself verbally, while Mrs. K\u2019s speech production is fluent but she often \u2018goes blank\u2019 mentally, being unable both to understand non-idiomatic speech and to bring her own speech intentions into execution. The authors conclude that (1) \u201cThe motor aspect of the word, then, and therefore the motor com- ponent of the speech apparatus \u2013 Broca\u2019s area \u2013 (…) is little more than an output channel for the ego\u2019s complex workings; its role in verbal thinking is superfluous.\u201d (p. 89; their italics) and (2) \u201cthe auditory-component of word presentation does participate in some way in the executive functioning of the ego.\u201d (p. 114). In what follows we will spell out how, to the contrary, in our view the motor component of the speech apparatus is actually constitutive of access to symbolic language (and hence of ego-functioning), while the auditory component is no more than an auxiliary for this access. Having done so, we provide an alternative explanation for Mrs. K\u2019s mental failures and Mr. J\u2019s mental robustness, in terms of dorsal and ventral language pathways, and of secondary and primary processing, in place of the traditional framework of Broca\u2019s and Wernicke\u2019s aphasias.<\/span> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2020<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bruxelmane, J., Shin, J., Olyff, G. & Bazan, A. (2020). Eyes wide shut: primary process opens up. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 145. DOI=10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.00145<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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2019<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Balchin, R., Barry, V., Bazan, A., Blechner, M. J., Clarici, A., Mosri, D. F., Fotopoulou, A., Goergen, M. S., Kessler, R., Matthis, I., Z\u00fa\u00f1iga, J. F. M., Northoff, G., Olds, D., Oppenheim, L., Reismann-Lagr\u00e8ze, D., Tsakiris, M., Watt, D., Yeates, G., & Zellner, M. (2019). Reflections on 20 years of Neuropsychoanalysis<\/em>. Neuropsychoanalysis, 21<\/em>(2), 89-123. DOI: 1080\/15294145.2019.1695978<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Vanheule, S., Adriaens, P., Bazan, A., Bracke, P., Devisch, I., Feys, J-L., Froyen, B., Gerard, S., Nieman, D., Van Os, J., & Calmeyn, M. (2019). Belgian Governmental Superior Health Council advises against the use of the DSM categories and promotes contextualising psychiatric diagnosis. <\/span>The Lancet Psychiatry, v6, <\/em>726<\/span>.<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A., Kushwaha, R., Winer, E.S., Snodgrass, J.M., Brakel, L.A.W, Shevrin, H. (2019). Phonological ambiguity detection outside of consciousness, and its defensive avoidance. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 13, <\/em> doi: 10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00077<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A., Jorge Mendes, S., Antoine-Moussiaux, J., Prys, D. (2019, February 18).<\/em> Empirical evidence for psychic transparency in pregnancy. Psychoanalytic Psychology<\/em>. Advance online publication. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1037\/pap0000212<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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2018<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A. & Poenaru, L. (2018). \u00ab Le lieu vide comme garant de libert\u00e9 et de changement. Entretien avec Ariane Bazan \u00bb. In analysis (2)<\/em> 87-92.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazan, A. (2018). Psychoanalysis and academia: Psychoanalysis at the crossroads between exact and human sciences, International Forum of Psychoanalysis, DOI: 10.1080\/0803706X.2017.1392040<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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2017<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Van de Vijver, G., Bazan, A., Detandt, S. (2017). The Mark, the Thing, and the Object: On What Commands Repetition\u00a0in Freud and Lacan. Frontiers in Psychology,\u00a08<\/em>, 2244. DOI=10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.02244<\/a><\/span>

Steinig, J., Bazan, A. Happe, S., Antonetti, S., Shevrin, H. (2017). Processing of a subliminal rebus during sleep: Idiosyncratic primary versus secondary process associations upon awakening of REM- versus non-REM-sleep. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1955. DOI=10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01955<\/a><\/span><\/p>

Detandt, S., Bazan, A., Quertemont, E., & Verbanck, P. (2017).\u00a0Smoking addiction the shift from head to hands. Approach bias towards smoking-related cues in low dependent versus dependent smokers. Journal of Psychopharmacology<\/em>; 31(7):819-829. doi: 10.1177\/0269881117699606.<\/a><\/span><\/p>

Detandt, S., Bazan, A., Schroder, E., Olyff, G., Kajosch, H., Verbanck, P., & Campanella, S. (2017)<\/em>.\u00a0A smoking-related background helps smokers to focus. An Event-Related Potentials study during\u00a0a Go-NoGo Task in smokers. Clinical Neurophysiology, 128, 1872-1885.\u00a0 <\/em><\/a>pdf<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>

Bazan, A. (2017). Alpha synchronization as a brain model for unconscious defense: An overview of the work of Howard Shevrin and his team. \u00a0The International Journal of Psychoanalysis<\/em> doi:10.1111\/1745-8315.12629 .<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>pdf IJP 2017<\/a><\/p>

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Bazan, A. & Detandt, S. (2017). The grand challenge for psychoanalysis and neuropsychoanalysis: a science of the subject.\u00a0Frontiers in Psychology 8, 1259 doi:\u00a010.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01259.<\/em><\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Detandt, S., Leys, C. & Bazan, A., (2017). A French Translation of the Pleasure Arousal Dominance (PAD) Semantic Differential Scale for the Measure of Affect and Drive. Psychologica Belgica<\/em>, 57(1), 17\u201331. \u00a0DOI: http:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/pb.340<\/a><\/p> 2016<\/span>

Mosri, D. F., Axmacher, N., Bazan, A. & Kessler, R. J. (2016). Continued Dialogue on The Oxford-style Debate from the 15th Annual Congress of the International Neuropsychoanalysis Society New York City, 2014, Neuropsychoanalysis, 18<\/em>(1), 69-77.<\/a><\/span><\/p> 2015<\/span>

Bazan, A. (2015). The Role of Biology in the Advent of Psychology. Neuropsychoanalysis and the Foundation of a Mental Level of Causality. In: Neuroscience and Critique: Exploring the Limits or Neurological Turn. <\/em>Jan De Vos et Ed Pluth, 173-187.<\/span><\/p>

Claes, S., Vanbouwel, V., Haekens, A., Eneman, M., Otte, G., De Lepeleire, J., Calmeyn, M., Bazan, A., & Lemmens, W. (2015). Euthanasia for psychiatric patients: ethical and legal concerns about the Belgian practice. BMJ Open<\/em> 5<\/strong>:7 e007454 doi:10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-007454 (IF\u00a0: 2.413)<\/a><\/p>

Bazan, A. & Detandt, S. (2015).\u00a0Trauma and jouissance, a neuropsychoanalytic perspective. Journal of the Centre for Freudian Analysis and Research (JCFAR), 26, 99-127.<\/a><\/p>

Bazan, A. (2015). Speaking to the subject or speaking to the function: each address requires its proper terms \u2013 Commentary. The Oxford-style debate: the 15th neuropsychoanalysis congress, New York, 2014: \u201cThis house believes that neuroscientific terms must never replace psychoanalytic ones\u201d. Neuropsychoanalysis. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1080\/15294145.2015.1038131<\/a><\/span><\/p>

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<\/p> 2013<\/span>

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Bazan, A. (2013).\u00a0Repression as the condition for consciousness. Invited commentary on : \u201cThe conscious Id\u201d, M. Solms.\u00a0Neuropsychoanalysis, 25, 1, 20-24<\/em><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Bazan, A. & Detandt, S. (2013).\u00a0 <\/i>On the physiology of jouissance: interpreting the mesolimbic dopaminergic reward functions from a psychoanalytic perspective. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience <\/em>doi: 10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00709<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>